Nature of Physics

PHYSICAL QUANTITY: SCALAR and VECTOR A  physical quantity  is a property of a material or system that can  be quantified by  measurement. A physical quantity can be expressed as the combination of a magnitude and a  unit. Ex: 5 kg in this ‘5’ is magnitude and ‘kg’ is unit. Physical quantity can be operated in two parts:             (i) Scalar Quantity               (ii) Vector Quantity Scalars: •   A physical quantity which has only magnitude. •  They do not have any direction.   ex: time, mass, speed, distance, volume, energy, work, temperature, electric charge.   Vectors: •  A vector quantity is defined as the physical quantity that has both, magnitude as well as direction. ex: displacement, force, torque, momentum, acceleration, velocity, etc. Representation of Vector: A vector is represented as a directed line segment.                   this vector can be represented as AB 乛   or  ā .                 Magnitude of this vecto

                    What is a Periodic Function? If the function 𝑓(𝑥)  repeats it’s value after equal interval of x , then 𝑓(𝑥)  is said to be a periodic function of x and the equal interval of x , is known as time period of the function 𝑓(𝑥) .                                       𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑇) = 𝑓(𝑥 + 2𝑇 )=. . . . . . . . . . = 𝑓(𝑥 + 𝑛𝑇) =. . . . . Here T is known as the time period of the function. Types of Periodic Function : Sinusoidal Periodic Function:    A sinusoidal function is a function that is like a  sine or cosine  functions.  Sinusoidal functions  are a specific type of  periodic function . Period of  Sine  and Cosine is 2π.  Time Period of Sin (t) and cos (t) is  T = 2𝜋    Time Period of Sin (mt) and cos (mt) is  T = 2𝜋/𝑚    Non- Sinusoidal Periodic Function: A  non - sinusoidal  waveform is typically a  periodic  oscillation.  Some examples are square waves, rectangle waves, triangular waves, saw tooth waves and trap